Skin wound: colored platelets, fibrin mesh (clotting), leukocites & erithrocites
Yesterday we talked about multiple alleles, an update to Mendel’s Laws. Classical genetics can explain inheritance patterns of blood types. We’ve come a long way. Blood transfusions are as common as insulin pumps — these biomedical breakthroughs resulted in multiple Nobel Prizes:
Before Nobel Prize awarded Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO human blood groups in 1901, it was thought that all blood was the same. This misunderstanding led to fatal blood transfusions. Later, in 1940, Landsteiner was part of discovering another blood group, the Rh blood group system. There are many blood group systems known today, but the ABO and the Rh blood groups are the most important ones used for blood transfusions. The designation Rh is derived from the Rhesus monkey in which the existence of the Rh blood group was discovered.
To find out more about the behavior of human blood phenotypes, click on this link to play & learn…
Homework for Monday, Jan 23, 2017:
Read the tutorials before playing the game. All of them: What is a blood type?; How do you determine a patient’s blood type?; How do you perform safe blood transfusions; and About the game. Bring laptops and/or devices to class. We will play the game with specific instructions. This activity will be part of your Lab grade for Sem. II, 2016-2017.
The Hypertextual Lounge 
The Blood Typing Game was very entertaining as well as educational because we had the opportunity of simulating a patient’s blood transfusion. The game also showed us how to determine a patient’s blood type and what factors make up the different blood types. Heredity is a factor that fixes a person’s blood type. A blood type is the classification of blood bases on the presence or absence of antibodies and antigens. In order to determine a patient’s blood type, in which one needs the right one to perform a blood transfusion, one has to figure out which antigens are present in the surface of the red blood cells. This is done by mixing the different reagents that contain the antibodies A, B, or Rh. When doing this process, one has to be careful not to choose the wrong blood type so the blood transfusion in performed correctly.
https://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/1.html
LikeLike
There are eight different blood types: A, -A, B, -B, AB, -AB, O, -O. Obviously all have different properties, in this case, antigens. Blood type A has A antigens, blood type B has B antigens, and blood type O has no antigens on red blood cells. What determines if a blood type is negative or opposite is the Rh factor, which it is derived form the Rhesus monkeys. For people working on the medical field is important to know about blood types and which blood types can donate to some and from which it can receive. Performing an incorrect blood transfusion could be fatal.
LikeLike
The Blood Typing Game helped me better understand the process of blood transfusion. In order to determine the patient’s blood type, solutions that contain antigens called reagents are used to determine ABO and Rh blood groups through agglutination, where the antigens from the blood sample and antibodies from the reagent are grouped. It is important to know that all blood types are different and to determine if the blood and the certain antibody are compatible or not in order to prevent fatal blood transfusions. The following link includes more information about the compatibility of ABO and Rhesus blood groups and other interesting facts: http://www.health24.com/medical/diseases/abo-and-rhesus-blood-groups-20120721
LikeLike
The Blood Typing Game is a good way to help students understand how blood works and to know how to identify all the possible combinations and matches that there are in a fun and easy way. With this tool we see the importance of matching a persons blood type correctly in the moment they need a blood transfusion, if the person does not receive the correct blood it could lead to death. It is amazing how something that we all have in common in our bodies can still be so different there are up to four different blood types. It is also interesting how it is possible for a person with O type blood can receive blood from all blood types, here is a website that shows all the possible matches in blood transfusions: http://mytransfusion.com.au/about-blood/matching-blood-groups
LikeLike
Using the Blood Typing Game was definitely a change of pace among all of our labs. While it was entertaining, it also provided a lot of information on different blood types and proper transfusions. Different blood types emerge from the presence or absence of antibodies and antigenic substances in red blood cells. Because of these differences, some blood transfusions may result in a fatality if the blood test is not done properly. For example, people with blood type O can donate to all of the other blood types but they cannot receive any blood from A, B, or AB types. These charts that display information can prove to be very helpful to gain extra information and also provide statistics on the different blood types in regards to the population. http://www.redcrossblood.org/learn-about-blood/blood-types
LikeLiked by 1 person
The Blood Typing Game was a good way to help us understand and learn about blood types and which blood types can donate to which ones, etc. I found it very helpful in understanding this and also in understanding the difference between antigens and antibodies and how they work in our bodies. I found the game very interactive an helpful. Also in the game, at the end you have to put the patients correct blood type, which makes you want to learn about it and get it right the first time. I found it interesting during class, when we were learning about blood, that there is one blood type that is a universal donor and one a universal acceptor. I liked learning the reason behind this and learning about antigenes and antibodies, this made me understand a lot more about the mystery I found blood and blood types to be. In this link, you can learn which blood types can donate and receive from the other blood types: http://www.stepin2mygreenworld.com/healthyliving/health/all-you-need-to-know-about-blood-types-and-to-whom-you-can-donate-to/
LikeLike
Thanks to the blood typing game i actually learned which blood mixes and doesn’t mix with which blood. Its a skill that everyone should know for emergency purposes. But what i like about this game it that it is so entertaining that you learn the blood patterns without even noticing. I had a general idea of how blood mixed but i didn’t know was how different blood types (A,B,O) all have different antigens that change how the blood can mix. Knowing about blood is useful to everyone in an emergency situation and this game helps people learn in a fun way. Here is a chart to identify what blood can you give and take. Just in case someone doesn’t know. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/51129112e4b081e5ce23bdcd/t/545a8970e4b0dc3018ae83d3/1415219569267/
LikeLike
This game created an exceptional way to make the graphics look like any other game people will play nowadays causing this to activate the user’s curiosity and desire to play the game even more. The teaching method is quite impressive. It is fun and entertaining, but it also has a unique way to unconsciously teach how can one determine the different blood types, and which are a well match for blood transfusions. I think is a great way to educate people. The truth is that many adults still don’t know to whom they can donate or from whom they can receive, but with this game you can learn easily. I love the potential this game has. It also excites me to read that in 2012, the Blood Typing Game won in the best game category in the Swedish Learning Awards which means that the game is evolving and can be reached with less difficulty.
LikeLike
It is amazing to see how such advancements have allowed us to see blood cells and any type of cell so close and clearly. How blood may be moved from one person to another in order to save a life or make it healthier. These advancements have explained how not all blood cells are the same, also how to know which blood cells one has. There have even been games developed in a way in which one can understand how blood transfusions really work, and that it is not simple at all. Karl Landsteiner made a great discovery of two new blood groups, filled with different human blood phenotypes; Rh and ABO blood groups are even more important, due to their diversity and somewhat rarity as well. That is not the most interesting part, in my opinion, I believe it is the fact that there are white blood cells also, which fight bacteria and viruses bad for ones body. These white/red blood cell functions capture anyone’s attention, specially those who plan to study or live by jobs related to these aspects. Here is a short gif which shows how white blood cells devour a parasite and kill it to protect a human body: https://www.google.com.pr/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwi8-N7pwYHTAhXM7iYKHZs5CcgQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddit.com%2Fr%2Fgifs%2Fcomments%2F2nssnw%2Four_white_blood_cells_attacking_a_parasite%2F&bvm=bv.151426398,d.eWE&psig=AFQjCNEgbXVvcPVt9gZgjwuJfBoEF_cTcw&ust=1491076193760847
LikeLike
Although very entertaining, this game helped me better understand how blood transfusion work and which patient can receive or donate blood to another patient with a specific blood type. A blood type is a classification of blood based on the presence and absence of antibodies and also based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells. In order to a blood type 6 steps must be taken: First, mix the patient’s blood with three different reagents including either of the three different antibodies, A, B or Rh antibodies. Second, look for agglutination. Third, you observe what has happened Fourth, figure out the ABO blood group and the Rh blood group. Fifth and the final step, figure out blood type. Blood type determining requires a lot of carefulness because a wrong assertion of blood type during a transfusion could lead to fatal consequences.
http://www.redcrossblood.org/learn-about-blood/blood-types
LikeLike
Before playing The Blood Typing game, I didn’t even know my blood type. This game helped me understand the importance of knowing your blood type and the consequences of not knowing which blood types are compatible. Receiving blood that is incompatible to yours may trigger a dangerous immune response. I also was not aware of the Rh factor which plays an important role in blood typing. While playing the game it was important to be aware of the antigens and antibodies that were present in the blood sample and if clumping or agglutination occurred. These were key factors to determine the patients blood type. The link below explains about blood types, what are antigens, why is blood typing done and the risks of blood typing.
http://www.healthline.com/health/blood-typing#why-its-done3
LikeLike
It is impressive how something that seems so simple has so many possible complications and different components and combinations. There are 8 different types of blood and for classifying each one, the blood has to meet certain qualities. On the blood typing game that we played in class it was interesting to see how the antigens and antibodies reacted towards the different types of blood and how we could determine the blood type if the sample at hand by observing its reaction when placed in the reagents. Like for example if the blood was +A when the blood was placed in the reagent A the substance would agglutinate and in the reagent B it would dissolve and in the reagent RH it would dissolve. It is alarming that just by a simple mistake in making blood transfusions it could put the person in critical conditions it was a big breakthrough when it was discovered that there were different types of blood and that not all bloods can receive form all bloods. https://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/1.htmlhttps://
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/3.html
LikeLike
I found this lab very interesting because not only you got the chance to play as a doctor that is about to blood transfusion on a patient, but also because the game itself is very educative and gives you an overview of which blood types exists and why are they important during blood transfusion. The game shows you different scenarios where a patient needs a blood transfusion, but their blood type is unknown. Therefore, you must draw samples and expose them to different antibodies in order to figure out the blood type. After that, you can perform the blood transfusion. This game is great for those people who are planning to pursue a career in medicine; especially when working in an ER, where the life of a patient is in your hands and it is up to you to figure out the correct blood type and perform the transfusion in time to save the person. Below there is a link to a video that talks in more detail about the different blood types we have and the antibodies inside us, and how knowing blood types is important in order to prevent agglutination during blood transfusion.
LikeLike
In this game we could see what type of blood type could help save or could kill someone. If we gave the patient the incorrect blood type the patient would die, we had to learn which blood type complemented which, and which could do what. It helped us if we ever wanted to become surgeons or had anything to do with emergy responders. Much like the other labs and works we did in the class, it helped us all get a better understanding of how the body reacts and works.
LikeLike
In class we worked with a very interesting achievement called the Blood Typing Game. In the game, we had to match the blood type given with the blood type of the patient. There are eight different blood types determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens and they are A, B, AB, and O, all vary from positive to negative. A person’s blood type is inherited by his or her parents. The game is excellent for teaching purposes and entertains while learning how blood types function in the world. Blood transfusions occur successfully between specific blood types since it all depends on the antigens present and absent in the blood. The most common blood type is O positive and the universal donor is O negative, meaning it could transfuse blood to every person.
http://www.redcrossblood.org/learn-about-blood/blood-types
LikeLike
The Blood typing game was a very interesting and recreational way to learn without even knowing it. The way it puts us as doctors trying to save patients is a fun way. It lets us simulate blood transfusion from the patient, at the same time showing us of what is made each blood type and the antibodies it has and its reagents. Although this is a game, it teaches us how to identify blood types, determine the correct blood transfusion and save a life, showing the difficult job of doctors; and at the same time makes us learn blood’s behavior, and shows us which are universal donors, universal receivers, which ones can mix with others, etc…
LikeLike
This Blood Typing game was both fun and educational. In this game, I learned about the process of blood transfusion and the process of finding out a person’s blood type. We found by mixing the antigens of the patient’s blood with antibodies from the reagent, and based on the patient’s blood type, we could give that patient specific kinds of blood. We also determined whether or not the patient’s blood was positive or negative using the Rh factor. A person’s blood type is based on heredity. For example, if a person has type O blood, than at least one of the parents must have had type O blood.
http://m.redcrossblood.org/learn-about-blood/blood-types
LikeLike
The Blood Typing game was very interesting because it made us wonder what was our parents’ blood type, and what ours is as well. At least I wondered what my genotype was and what genotype I would have to pair in order to have an AB positive child, so that it would have the most beneficial blood type in terms of receiving a blood transfusion. I wonder if other people will begin to think of that too and select partners with the desired genotype so that their child also has a desired genotype.
Another thing that also intrigues me is why did blood evolve into many forms? I wonder if scientists will eventually find out what led to different blood types, but at least we have a pretty general understanding of how blood works. But it is important to keep in mind that ABO and Rh+/- are not the only factors that must be considered when making blood transfusions, for there are more antigens on the surface of red blood cells than those discussed in class or the ones seen in the blood typing game. If anyone wishes to learn more about other antigens, the I invite them to click on the second link below.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2264/
LikeLike
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2268/
LikeLike