Aganetha Dyck: Guest Workers

Notice the pattern that the honeycomb takes; this is a hexagonal tessellation. These patterns are seen in many biochemical phenomena, including carbon allotropes such as graphene, and big carbohydrates such as cellulose.

Notice the pattern that the honeycomb takes; this is a hexagonal tessellation. These patterns are seen in many biochemical phenomena, including carbon allotropes such as graphene, and big carbohydrates such as cellulose.

We’ll be done in the next few days with the molecular basis of inheritance. This means that the chapters on animals are getting closer. With this in mind, and knowing that the due date for your comments is very near, I wanted to share a post that accounts for the A in the STEAM model of science education.

The A in STEAM stands for Art. And in this post we’ll see how art, science, and conservation cross-pollinate each other. The artist in this post is Aganetha Dyck. She collaborates with scientists and bees to create sculptures wrapped in honeycomb. Her work is very poignant and current, considering that bee populations in North America, Europe and many other parts of the world have plummeted 30-50%. This very unfortunate phenomenon for all of mankind is called colony collapse disorder:

Colony collapse is significant economically because many agricultural crops worldwide are pollinated by European honey bees. According to the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the worth of global crops with honeybee’s pollination was estimated to be close to $200 billion in 2005.[7] Shortages of bees in the US have increased the cost to farmers renting them for pollination services by up to 20%.”–Via Wikipedia.

The following short film shows Aganetha’s creative process:

Via Colossal | Art & Visual Culture

Animals in the News (via The Atlantic).

In March of 2013, I uploaded a blog post called Animals of Reddit. The blog post prompted a lot of questions, comments and responses. Even though we have not yet reached the topic of animals, the due date of the 5 comment blog participation is drawing near. I want to help you reach the end stretch of your assignment.

This said, the following post will include a gallery of animals that have gained some notoriety in news–via The Atlantica publication over 150 years old. While looking at these pictures, it is important that you think about concepts that we’ve already discussed in class; which include: protein synthesis, homeostasis, heredity and genes, taxonomy and cladistics, the characteristics of life, the chemistry of life, etc. Needless to say, this post, along with the Animals of Reddit post, will be revisited in the near future.

I encourage you to participate in any way that you deem possible; but it will be especially noteworthy if your participation includes high quality, high-res pictures of rare animals–make sure you include the url (or link) from where you got the picture.

Uroplatus sikorae -- These animals are reptiles. They are not amphibians, as many people in Puerto Rico are led to believe.

Uroplatus sikorae — These animals are reptiles. They are not amphibians, as many people in Puerto Rico are led to believe.

bumble Bee

The bumble bee belongs to the genus Bombus. Bees are fundamental for any ecosystem. Their sexual behavior allows for plants to cross-pollinate and reproduce as well.

A good title for this picture could be 'Serendipity'. Pure chance allowed the capture of this magnificent and rare image: "Remote cameras set up to track Siberian tigers in Russia caught the golden eagle attack on a sika deer, snapping three photos as the massive bird dug its talons into the distressed animal's back."

A good title for this picture could be ‘Serendipity’. Pure chance allowed the capture of this magnificent and rare image: “Remote cameras set up to track Siberian tigers in Russia caught the golden eagle attack on a sika deer, snapping three photos as the massive bird dug its talons into the distressed animal’s back.”

elephant crying

This elephant was injured by his mother in a zoo in Shandong, China: “Asian elephant calf Zhuangzhuang which was stamped on and injured by his mother after his birth, cries in a zoo in Rongcheng, Shandong province, China, on August 31, 2013.”

Baby Snow Leopard

This baby snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is a an endangered species. They live in the cold, mountainous regions of Northern India, Nepal, Tibet, among other Central Asia countries.

Waxy Monkey Frog

Phyllomedusa sauvagii (a.k.a. Waxy Monkey Leaf Frog) has adapted to meet the demands of life in the trees. It does not need to return to the ground during the mating season; rather, it lays its eggs down the middle of a leaf before folding the leaf, sandwiching the eggs inside. Its nest is attached to a branch suspended over a stream, so the hatching tadpoles drop into the water

Galápagos sea lions.

Galápagos sea lions.

Maine Iguanas

Amblyrhynchus cristatus is an iguana found only on the Galápagos Islands that has the ability, unique among modern lizards, to live and forage in the sea, making it a marine reptile. The iguana can dive over 9 m (30 ft) into the water. It has spread to all the islands in the archipelago, and is sometimes called the Galápagos marine iguana. It mainly lives on the rocky Galápagos shore, but can also be spotted in marshes and mangrove beaches.

Booby

The feet of Sula neobuxii.

A young Galápagos Sea Lion, Marine Iguanas in the background, in Bahia Fe, Santa Cruz Island.

A young Galápagos Sea Lion, Marine Iguanas in the background, in Bahia Fe, Santa Cruz Island.

dilemma

This gallery could not be complete without insects, nature’s most successful animals. This is Euglossa dilemma, a bee from the genus Euglossa. It is an orchid bee, meaning that it has coevolved with a particular species of orchid.

eggs, beautiful eggs

These are the eggs of Murgantia histrionica, a bug that loves cabbages.

A jumping spider is easily recognizable by the pattern of its eyes.

A jumping spider is easily recognizable by the pattern of its eyes.There are thousands of species, making it the most bio diverse group of spiders.

Steel Blue Cricket Hunter

With the Steel Blue Cricket Hunter (Chlorion aerarium)–possibly the most epic name for an insect ever–we conclude this second gallery of animals curated from the web. Remember, if you come across animals that could be added to this or other galleries, don’t hesitate to put a link on the comment section of this blog post.

PBS Documentary on Animal Reproduction: Why Sex?

Peacock

The colorful feathers of peacocks have inspired a lot of art, science, and even frustration. Charles Darwin had a notorious hate for peacocks; their feathers made no sense to him. Nowadays we have more insight on this evolutionary issue.

“We may conclude that…those males which are best able by their various charms to please or excite the female, are under ordinary circumstances accepted. If this be admitted, there is not much difficulty in understanding how male birds have gradually acquired their ornamental characters. In all ordinary cases, the male is so eager that he will accept any female, and does not, as far as we can judge, prefer one to the other.” — Charles Darwin

The following video–of about one hour of duration–begins with a very poignant explanation of the advantages of peacock feathers:

Rare (and vintage) Science Illustrations — via Brain Pickings

Image by Ernst Haeckel (1834 - 1919). Kunstformen der Natur (Art Forms of Nature). Asteridea is the subclass of echinoderms that includes sea stars. While slow moving, they are high-level predators and feed on other invertebrates, including mollusks and barnacles>

Image by Ernst Haeckel (1834 – 1919). Kunstformen der Natur (Art Forms of Nature).  “Asteridea is the subclass of echinoderms that includes sea stars. While slow moving, they are high-level predators and feed on other invertebrates, including mollusks and barnacles.”– Via Natural Histories: 500 Years of Rare Science Illustrations.

Animals of Reddit.

Reddit.com is referred to as the “front page of the internet”; meaning that anything worth a look at on the web ends up here, before it even reaches conventional media (newspapers, TV, etc.). Most of the memes that appear on your Facebook wall, or on your Twitter timeline, have their origins here. Reddit caters to the taste of almost everyone. There are sections (subreddits) that manage a lot of multimedia: videos, text (news articles), and photos. This large community has gained world wide attention; including the POTUS (President of The United States, Barack Obama). Thus, to have a proper idea of the role of the Internet during the first decade of the 21st Century, reddit cannot be ignored.

In this post I will share images taken from the subreddit of photos (r/pics). This 14 picture gallery will show pics of animals from various phyla: chordates (amphibians, birds, mammals, reptiles), cnidarians (jellyfish), molluks (squids), etc. Some of the images display rare behavioral traits of animals:

The Snake and The Dragonfly. Both animals are predators.

The Snake and The Dragonfly. Both animals are predators.

The Jellyfish (not an actual 'fish') and the Turtle. Who gets the better end of the deal?

The Jellyfish (not an actual ‘fish’) and the Turtle. Who gets the better end of the deal?

Stereomicroscopy of a chicken embryo (trust me, not rendered nor photoshopped).

Stereomicroscopy of a chicken embryo (trust me, not rendered nor photoshopped).

Squids are cephalopods--the geniuses of invertebrates.

Squids are cephalopods–the geniuses of invertebrates.

The regal ring snake is good at advertising. Its colors say: "stay away."

The regal ring snake is good at advertising. Its colors say: “stay away.”

Polar bears at a family picnic.

Polar bears at a family picnic.

Sea lions are remarkable predator. They have huge canines and incredibly powerful jaws--as shown here.

Sea lions are remarkable predators. They have huge canines and incredibly powerful jaws–as shown here.

This is a Milk Frog; native to the Amazon Rainforest.

This is a Milk Frog; native to the Amazon Rainforest.

Defeated King. An epic story can be told just by reading the scars of this male African lion--needless to say, an alpha male.

Defeated King. An epic story can be told just by reading the scars of this male African lion–needless to say, an alpha male.

The lynx is an excellent predator. Their habitats include North America, Western, Central, and Eastern Europe, Western, Central, and Eastern Asia. Basically, most of the northern hemisphere of the planet.

The lynx is an excellent predator. Their habitats include North America; Western, Central, and Eastern Europe; Western, Central, and Eastern Asia. Basically, most of the northern hemisphere of the planet.

Gorillas are the next closest living relative to humans after the bonobo (pygmy chimp) and the common chimpanzee. The greatest of the great apes (humans included).

Gorillas are the next closest living relative to humans after the bonobo (pygmy chimp) and the common chimpanzee. The greatest of the great apes (humans included).

Eyes are amazing organs.

Eyes are amazing organs.

Owls can turn their necks up to 270 degrees. They have tubular eyes, shaped like binoculars. These are are great for long distance and hunting, but are stationary. They move their heads instead.

Owls can turn their necks up to 270 degrees. They have tubular eyes, shaped like binoculars. These are great for hunting–owls have great eyesight–but are stationary. To compensate for the lack of eye movement, owls move their heads instead.

The bumble bee bat, also known as Kitti's hog nosed bat, is a vulnerable species of bat that is native to Burma (Southeast Asia). This bat is probably  the world's smallest mammal.

The bumble bee bat, also known as Kitti’s hog nosed bat, is a vulnerable species of bat that is native to Burma (Southeast Asia). This bat is probably the world’s smallest mammal.

Many more images, just as remarkable as these ones, are uploaded daily. They give us a glimpse of the wonderful biodeversity in the animal kingdom–this biodiversity is another piece of evidence that accounts for the success of animals. Suggestions for the growth of this gallery are welcome. Don’t forget to put the hyperlink in the comment section of the post. I expect this gallery to grow with your input (remember to name the animal as well).

Introduction to Animals

We can move on, at last, from Cellular Respiration. Today we welcome a virtual respite from the intricacies of the cell. We’ve covered many things that account for what cells–the basic unit of life–are. Nevertheless, we cannot talk about biology without actually seeing the result of the pathways and structures we’ve discussed in the past months. These pathways, tissues, and biochemical structures, have many wonderful arrangements–organizations that give rise to organisms of elegant simplicity (sponges), and impressive complexity (humans).

This respite comes in the form of a new chapter: Chapter 32: Introduction to Animals. Why do we study animals? Imagine an architect that only knows about materials, but has never seen an actual building; he or she does not know that marble, a material studied in detail, can be used to build structures like roman columns, or art pieces like Michelangelo’s Moses. Right now, at this stage of your Bio course, you are an architect that knows (or should know) all about marble, but has never seen a marble creation; you have heard everything there is to know about the cell–its stuctures, behaviors, biochemical pathways, etc.–but know nothing about one of the most impressive results of what cells can do.

Animals are the result of very complex arrangement of cells–forming tissues, organs, systems, etc. Also, they have been a very significant part of global human culture for millennia; another reason why animals should be studied. The following picture, taken from this source, shows a very dramatic and impressive example of an animal:

"A man stands in front of his fattened sacrificial pig as part of the Hakka Yimin Festival in Hsinchu, Taiwan on August 29, 2010. During the festival, believers worship ancestors who fought for the government against rebels during ancient times to protect their homeland. After their deaths, locals started sacrificing pigs as offerings during the annual Hungry Ghost festival to commemorate their bravery. The sacrifice begins with a competition for the fattest pig in town and the family that offers the fattest pig is believed to receive a great blessing." Image by Nicky Loh.

“A man stands in front of his fattened sacrificial pig as part of the Hakka Yimin Festival in Hsinchu, Taiwan on August 29, 2010. During the festival, believers worship ancestors who fought for the government against rebels during ancient times to protect their homeland. After their deaths, locals started sacrificing pigs as offerings during the annual Hungry Ghost festival to commemorate their bravery. The sacrifice begins with a competition for the fattest pig in town and the family that offers the fattest pig is believed to receive a great blessing.” Image by Nicky Loh.